@prefix owl:    <http://www.w3.org/2002/07/owl#> .
@prefix rdf:    <http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#> .
@prefix rdfs:   <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#> .
@prefix xsd:    <http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#> .
@prefix obo:    <http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/> .
@prefix WHIO:   <http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/WHIO_> .
@prefix dc:     <http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/> .
@prefix dcterms:<http://purl.org/dc/terms/> .
@prefix skos:   <http://www.w3.org/2004/02/skos/core#> .

# ================================================================
# WHIO — Whole person Health Integrative Ontology
# Version: 0.2-final
# Upper-level: BFO 2020 (ISO 21838-2) · Medical layer: OGMS
#
# Conceptual basis: brainstorm-sementicos.md etapas 1–8
# Sources: Thomas et al. 2023; Gold et al. 2025;
#          DiGuiseppi et al. 2025; PNPIC 3ed 2026;
#          WHO GTMS 2025–2034
#
# Relation status vocabulary (WHIO:A0006):
#   "validated"   — confirmed in expert validation session
#   "candidate"   — emerged from corpus analysis; to be tested
#                   in prototype comparison with real narratives
#   "formal"      — structural/formal OWL relation, not empirical
#
# Architectural levels:
#   A  Subject               WHIO:0000001–0000009
#   B1 Health state          WHIO:0000010–0000019
#   B2 Subjective experience WHIO:0000020–0000029
#   B3 Capacity and agency   WHIO:0000030–0000039
#   B4 Meaning and purpose   WHIO:0000040–0000049
#   B5 Behaviours/practices  WHIO:0000050–0000059
#   C  Relations and context WHIO:0000060–0000079
#   D  Care and outcomes     WHIO:0000080–0000099
#
# Object properties:        WHIO:R0001–R0095
# Annotation properties:    WHIO:A0001–A0006
# ================================================================

<http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/whio.owl>
    a owl:Ontology ;
    dc:title "Whole person Health Integrative Ontology (WHIO)"@en ;
    dc:description "Domain ontology for the integral health history of older adults, integrating Whole Person Health/Care and TCIM. BFO 2020 + OGMS. Version 0.2-final: complete relational layer; all type-1 errors corrected; candidate relations marked for prototype validation."@en ;
    dc:creator "WHIO Development Team" ;
    dcterms:license <https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/> ;
    owl:versionInfo "0.2-final" ;
    owl:priorVersion <http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/whio/0.1> .

# ================================================================
# BFO 2020 UPPER-LEVEL ANCHORS
# ================================================================

obo:BFO_0000001 a owl:Class ; rdfs:label "entity"@en .
obo:BFO_0000002 a owl:Class ; rdfs:label "continuant"@en ;                     rdfs:subClassOf obo:BFO_0000001 .
obo:BFO_0000003 a owl:Class ; rdfs:label "occurrent"@en ;                      rdfs:subClassOf obo:BFO_0000001 .
obo:BFO_0000004 a owl:Class ; rdfs:label "independent continuant"@en ;         rdfs:subClassOf obo:BFO_0000002 .
obo:BFO_0000015 a owl:Class ; rdfs:label "process"@en ;                        rdfs:subClassOf obo:BFO_0000003 .
obo:BFO_0000016 a owl:Class ; rdfs:label "disposition"@en ;                    rdfs:subClassOf obo:BFO_0000002 .
obo:BFO_0000019 a owl:Class ; rdfs:label "quality"@en ;                        rdfs:subClassOf obo:BFO_0000002 .
obo:BFO_0000023 a owl:Class ; rdfs:label "role"@en ;                           rdfs:subClassOf obo:BFO_0000002 .
obo:BFO_0000030 a owl:Class ; rdfs:label "object"@en ;                         rdfs:subClassOf obo:BFO_0000004 .
obo:BFO_0000033 a owl:Class ; rdfs:label "generically dependent continuant"@en ; rdfs:subClassOf obo:BFO_0000002 .
obo:BFO_0000034 a owl:Class ; rdfs:label "function"@en ;                       rdfs:subClassOf obo:BFO_0000016 .

obo:OGMS_0000045 a owl:Class ; rdfs:label "disease"@en ;             rdfs:subClassOf obo:BFO_0000016 .
obo:OGMS_0000097 a owl:Class ; rdfs:label "patient role"@en ;        rdfs:subClassOf obo:BFO_0000023 .
obo:OGMS_0000141 a owl:Class ; rdfs:label "healthcare encounter"@en ; rdfs:subClassOf obo:BFO_0000015 .

# ================================================================
# ANNOTATION PROPERTIES
# ================================================================

WHIO:A0001
    a owl:AnnotationProperty ;
    rdfs:label "autonomy qualifier"@en ;
    rdfs:comment "Class or relation involves or requires the older adult's autonomous agency."@en .

WHIO:A0002
    a owl:AnnotationProperty ;
    rdfs:label "safety qualifier"@en ;
    rdfs:comment "Class or relation involves safety considerations."@en .

WHIO:A0003
    a owl:AnnotationProperty ;
    rdfs:label "cultural qualifier"@en ;
    rdfs:comment "Class or relation is culturally situated or conditioned."@en .

WHIO:A0004
    a owl:AnnotationProperty ;
    rdfs:label "temporal position"@en ;
    rdfs:comment "Indicates past / current / future orientation in the life course narrative."@en .

WHIO:A0005
    a owl:AnnotationProperty ;
    rdfs:label "evidence basis"@en ;
    rdfs:comment "Level of evidence supporting a care class or relation."@en .

WHIO:A0006
    a owl:AnnotationProperty ;
    rdfs:label "relation status"@en ;
    rdfs:comment "Epistemological status of a relation: 'validated' (expert session), 'candidate' (corpus-derived hypothesis, to be tested in prototype), 'formal' (structural OWL relation)."@en .

# ================================================================
# LEVEL A — SUBJECT
# ================================================================

WHIO:0000001
    a owl:Class ;
    rdfs:label "older adult"@en ;
    rdfs:label "pessoa idosa"@pt ;
    rdfs:subClassOf obo:BFO_0000030 ;
    rdfs:comment "A human organism aged 60 years or older, central subject of the integral health history in WHIO. The semantic network is centred on this entity."@en .

WHIO:0000002
    a owl:Class ;
    rdfs:label "patient role"@en ;
    rdfs:label "papel de paciente"@pt ;
    rdfs:subClassOf obo:OGMS_0000097 ;
    rdfs:comment "The role assumed by the older adult when engaged in a healthcare encounter."@en .

WHIO:0000003
    a owl:Class ;
    rdfs:label "life course"@en ;
    rdfs:label "curso de vida"@pt ;
    rdfs:subClassOf obo:BFO_0000003 ;
    rdfs:comment "The temporal extent of the older adult's life — chronological container for biographical events, health trajectories and care processes. Integrates past, current and desired future (brainstorm §8.5)."@en ;
    WHIO:A0004 "temporal wrapper"@en .

WHIO:0000004
    a owl:Class ;
    rdfs:label "biographical event"@en ;
    rdfs:label "evento biográfico"@pt ;
    rdfs:subClassOf obo:BFO_0000015 ;
    rdfs:comment "A discrete occurrence relevant to the older adult's health history: bereavement, migration, retirement, caregiver role. Events modify health states and trigger emotional experiences."@en ;
    WHIO:A0004 "past or current"@en .

WHIO:0000005
    a owl:Class ;
    rdfs:label "personal identity"@en ;
    rdfs:label "identidade pessoal"@pt ;
    rdfs:subClassOf obo:BFO_0000019 ;
    rdfs:comment "Quality encompassing self-concept, character and biographical continuity. Foundational to meaning-making and narrative."@en .

WHIO:0000006
    a owl:Class ;
    rdfs:label "health trajectory"@en ;
    rdfs:label "trajetória de saúde"@pt ;
    rdfs:subClassOf obo:BFO_0000003 ;
    rdfs:comment "The temporal pattern of the older adult's health states, care episodes and outcomes across the life course."@en ;
    WHIO:A0004 "spans past and current"@en .

# ================================================================
# LEVEL B1 — HEALTH STATE
# ================================================================

WHIO:0000010
    a owl:Class ;
    rdfs:label "health state"@en ;
    rdfs:label "estado de saúde"@pt ;
    rdfs:subClassOf obo:BFO_0000002 ;
    rdfs:comment "Umbrella for the health-related condition of the older adult at a given time. Distinguished from subjective experience: a state can exist without being perceived."@en .

WHIO:0000011
    a owl:Class ;
    rdfs:label "chronic condition"@en ;
    rdfs:label "condição crônica"@pt ;
    rdfs:subClassOf obo:OGMS_0000045 ;
    rdfs:subClassOf WHIO:0000010 ;
    rdfs:comment "A disease or disorder persisting over an extended period. Multimorbidity is the norm in older adults."@en .

WHIO:0000012
    a owl:Class ;
    rdfs:label "symptom"@en ;
    rdfs:label "sintoma"@pt ;
    rdfs:subClassOf obo:BFO_0000019 ;
    rdfs:subClassOf WHIO:0000010 ;
    rdfs:comment "A quality experienced and reported by the older adult as an indicator of health state. Sits at the boundary between objective state and subjective experience."@en .

WHIO:0000013
    a owl:Class ;
    rdfs:label "functional capacity"@en ;
    rdfs:label "capacidade funcional"@pt ;
    rdfs:subClassOf obo:BFO_0000034 ;
    rdfs:subClassOf WHIO:0000010 ;
    rdfs:comment "Function to perform ADLs, IADLs and social roles. Closely related to autonomy and independence goals."@en .

WHIO:0000014
    a owl:Class ;
    rdfs:label "cognitive function"@en ;
    rdfs:label "função cognitiva"@pt ;
    rdfs:subClassOf obo:BFO_0000034 ;
    rdfs:subClassOf WHIO:0000010 ;
    rdfs:comment "Memory, attention, executive function and other cognitive processes."@en .

WHIO:0000015
    a owl:Class ;
    rdfs:label "mental health state"@en ;
    rdfs:label "estado de saúde mental"@pt ;
    rdfs:subClassOf obo:BFO_0000019 ;
    rdfs:subClassOf WHIO:0000010 ;
    rdfs:comment "Dispositional quality encompassing mood, resilience and coping capacity. Distinct from emotional experience (process) and from loneliness (relational experience)."@en .

WHIO:0000016
    a owl:Class ;
    rdfs:label "sleep quality"@en ;
    rdfs:label "qualidade do sono"@pt ;
    rdfs:subClassOf obo:BFO_0000019 ;
    rdfs:subClassOf WHIO:0000010 ;
    rdfs:comment "Quality representing the restorative value and pattern of sleep. Influenced by sleep practice (B5)."@en .

WHIO:0000017
    a owl:Class ;
    rdfs:label "pain state"@en ;
    rdfs:label "estado de dor"@pt ;
    rdfs:subClassOf obo:BFO_0000019 ;
    rdfs:subClassOf WHIO:0000010 ;
    rdfs:comment "Objective quality representing presence and intensity of pain. Distinct from pain experience (B2/0000021), which is the first-person process of perceiving it."@en .

# ================================================================
# LEVEL B2 — SUBJECTIVE EXPERIENCE
# ================================================================

WHIO:0000020
    a owl:Class ;
    rdfs:label "subjective experience"@en ;
    rdfs:label "experiência subjetiva"@pt ;
    rdfs:subClassOf obo:BFO_0000015 ;
    rdfs:comment "Process in which the older adult perceives, feels or interprets aspects of their health, body, relationships or life situation. Always first-person."@en .

WHIO:0000021
    a owl:Class ;
    rdfs:label "pain experience"@en ;
    rdfs:label "experiência de dor"@pt ;
    rdfs:subClassOf WHIO:0000020 ;
    rdfs:comment "Subjective process of experiencing pain. May co-occur with pain state (0000017) but is conceptually distinct."@en .

WHIO:0000022
    a owl:Class ;
    rdfs:label "loneliness experience"@en ;
    rdfs:label "experiência de solidão"@pt ;
    rdfs:subClassOf WHIO:0000020 ;
    rdfs:comment "Subjective process of experiencing loneliness or social disconnection. A person may have relationships and still experience loneliness."@en .

WHIO:0000023
    a owl:Class ;
    rdfs:label "well-being perception"@en ;
    rdfs:label "percepção de bem-estar"@pt ;
    rdfs:subClassOf WHIO:0000020 ;
    rdfs:comment "Ongoing subjective process of evaluating one's own well-being and life satisfaction. Distinct from well-being outcome (D/0000094), which is a result construct."@en .

WHIO:0000024
    a owl:Class ;
    rdfs:label "health narrative"@en ;
    rdfs:label "narrativa de saúde"@pt ;
    rdfs:subClassOf obo:BFO_0000033 ;
    rdfs:comment "Generically dependent continuant representing the verbal or textual account of the older adult's health history, experiences and perspectives. Primary input for semantic extraction."@en .

WHIO:0000025
    a owl:Class ;
    rdfs:label "illness experience"@en ;
    rdfs:label "experiência da doença"@pt ;
    rdfs:subClassOf WHIO:0000020 ;
    rdfs:comment "Subjective process of living with a chronic condition — how the person interprets, adapts to and gives meaning to their illness (Thomas et al. biography/biology distinction)."@en .

WHIO:0000026
    a owl:Class ;
    rdfs:label "care experience"@en ;
    rdfs:label "experiência do cuidado"@pt ;
    rdfs:subClassOf WHIO:0000020 ;
    rdfs:comment "Older adult's subjective experience of receiving health care — quality of interaction, feeling heard, trust. PNPIC: escuta acolhedora."@en .

WHIO:0000027
    a owl:Class ;
    rdfs:label "emotional experience"@en ;
    rdfs:label "experiência emocional"@pt ;
    rdfs:subClassOf WHIO:0000020 ;
    rdfs:comment "Subjective process of experiencing discrete emotions — grief, joy, fear, hope, anxiety. Distinct from mental health state (dispositional) and loneliness (specifically relational)."@en .

# ================================================================
# LEVEL B3 — CAPACITY AND AGENCY
# ================================================================

WHIO:0000030
    a owl:Class ;
    rdfs:label "health agency"@en ;
    rdfs:label "agência em saúde"@pt ;
    rdfs:subClassOf obo:BFO_0000016 ;
    rdfs:comment "Disposition of the older adult to make informed choices and take deliberate actions regarding their own health. Umbrella for preference, goal, autonomy and decision participation."@en ;
    WHIO:A0001 "central domain"@en .

WHIO:0000031
    a owl:Class ;
    rdfs:label "health preference"@en ;
    rdfs:label "preferência em saúde"@pt ;
    rdfs:subClassOf obo:BFO_0000033 ;
    rdfs:comment "Expressed preference regarding health choices, treatments or practices. Includes treatment refusal. More situational than value; less future-directed than goal."@en ;
    WHIO:A0001 "expression of agency"@en .

WHIO:0000032
    a owl:Class ;
    rdfs:label "health goal"@en ;
    rdfs:label "objetivo de saúde"@pt ;
    rdfs:subClassOf obo:BFO_0000033 ;
    rdfs:comment "'What matters to you' — the patient's own definition of a good outcome. Future-directed. Criterion for evaluating care results."@en ;
    WHIO:A0001 "expression of agency"@en ;
    WHIO:A0004 "future-directed"@en .

WHIO:0000033
    a owl:Class ;
    rdfs:label "autonomy"@en ;
    rdfs:label "autonomia"@pt ;
    rdfs:subClassOf obo:BFO_0000016 ;
    rdfs:comment "Disposition to direct one's own life and health decisions according to personal values. WHO GTMS guiding principle; Gold et al. primary domain."@en ;
    WHIO:A0001 "core principle"@en .

WHIO:0000034
    a owl:Class ;
    rdfs:label "shared decision process"@en ;
    rdfs:label "processo de decisão compartilhada"@pt ;
    rdfs:subClassOf obo:BFO_0000015 ;
    rdfs:comment "Process in which the older adult and a health professional jointly deliberate and reach a decision about care. WHO GTMS individual indicator."@en ;
    WHIO:A0001 "operationalises autonomy in care"@en .

WHIO:0000035
    a owl:Class ;
    rdfs:label "self-efficacy"@en ;
    rdfs:label "autoeficácia"@pt ;
    rdfs:subClassOf obo:BFO_0000016 ;
    rdfs:comment "Disposition to believe in one's capacity to perform health behaviours and manage one's condition. Gold et al. autonomy/independence cluster."@en .

WHIO:0000036
    a owl:Class ;
    rdfs:label "personal development"@en ;
    rdfs:label "desenvolvimento pessoal"@pt ;
    rdfs:subClassOf obo:BFO_0000015 ;
    rdfs:comment "Process of intentional growth, learning or skill acquisition. DiGuiseppi et al. CHAT-P; Gold et al. agency dimension."@en .

# ================================================================
# LEVEL B4 — MEANING AND PURPOSE
# ================================================================

WHIO:0000040
    a owl:Class ;
    rdfs:label "meaning in life"@en ;
    rdfs:label "sentido de vida"@pt ;
    rdfs:subClassOf obo:BFO_0000033 ;
    rdfs:comment "Sense that one's life has significance, value or direction. Umbrella for the meaning/purpose cluster. Distinct from purpose (directional) and spiritual belief (transcendent referent)."@en .

WHIO:0000041
    a owl:Class ;
    rdfs:label "life purpose"@en ;
    rdfs:label "propósito de vida"@pt ;
    rdfs:subClassOf obo:BFO_0000033 ;
    rdfs:comment "Sense of direction — commitments that give life meaning and motivate behaviour. Distinct from meaning (interpretive) and from health goal (specifically health-directed)."@en ;
    WHIO:A0004 "forward-looking"@en .

WHIO:0000042
    a owl:Class ;
    rdfs:label "spiritual belief"@en ;
    rdfs:label "crença espiritual"@pt ;
    rdfs:subClassOf obo:BFO_0000033 ;
    rdfs:comment "Beliefs related to spirituality, transcendence or a higher power. Distinct from religious practice (its behavioural expression). Gold et al.: faith ≠ spiritual practice."@en .

WHIO:0000043
    a owl:Class ;
    rdfs:label "religious practice"@en ;
    rdfs:label "prática religiosa"@pt ;
    rdfs:subClassOf obo:BFO_0000015 ;
    rdfs:comment "Participation in religious or spiritual rituals and activities. B4/B5 boundary class: belief expressed as behaviour."@en .

WHIO:0000044
    a owl:Class ;
    rdfs:label "personal value"@en ;
    rdfs:label "valor pessoal"@pt ;
    rdfs:subClassOf obo:BFO_0000033 ;
    rdfs:comment "Stable principles guiding the older adult's decisions and behaviour. More enduring than preference; more general than goal. Values orient meaning, agency and narrative."@en .

WHIO:0000045
    a owl:Class ;
    rdfs:label "identity narrative"@en ;
    rdfs:label "narrativa de identidade"@pt ;
    rdfs:subClassOf obo:BFO_0000033 ;
    rdfs:comment "Biographical self-understanding integrating past experiences, current values and future aspirations. Thomas et al. Self domain; Gold et al. identity dimension."@en .

# ================================================================
# LEVEL B5 — BEHAVIOURS AND PRACTICES
# ================================================================

WHIO:0000050
    a owl:Class ;
    rdfs:label "health behaviour"@en ;
    rdfs:label "comportamento de saúde"@pt ;
    rdfs:subClassOf obo:BFO_0000015 ;
    rdfs:comment "Umbrella for processes performed by the older adult related to health maintenance, promotion or recovery. Person-initiated. Distinct from TCIM intervention (provider-delivered)."@en .

WHIO:0000051
    a owl:Class ;
    rdfs:label "self-care practice"@en ;
    rdfs:label "prática de autocuidado"@pt ;
    rdfs:subClassOf WHIO:0000050 ;
    rdfs:comment "Health behaviour performed autonomously — home remedies, popular health knowledge, informal self-management."@en .

WHIO:0000052
    a owl:Class ;
    rdfs:label "integrative practice"@en ;
    rdfs:label "prática integrativa"@pt ;
    rdfs:subClassOf WHIO:0000050 ;
    rdfs:comment "TCIM health behaviour performed autonomously by the older adult (yoga, meditation, tai chi, phytotherapy). Distinct from TCIM intervention (0000081) where a provider administers."@en ;
    WHIO:A0003 "culturally situated"@en .

WHIO:0000053
    a owl:Class ;
    rdfs:label "physical activity"@en ;
    rdfs:label "atividade física"@pt ;
    rdfs:subClassOf WHIO:0000050 ;
    rdfs:comment "Intentional bodily movement — walking, lian gong, dancing, stretching. Consistently identified across all five corpus sources."@en .

WHIO:0000054
    a owl:Class ;
    rdfs:label "nutrition practice"@en ;
    rdfs:label "prática alimentar"@pt ;
    rdfs:subClassOf WHIO:0000050 ;
    rdfs:comment "Dietary habits and food choices, including traditional foodways and phytotherapeutic nutrition."@en ;
    WHIO:A0003 "culturally situated"@en .

WHIO:0000055
    a owl:Class ;
    rdfs:label "sleep practice"@en ;
    rdfs:label "prática de sono"@pt ;
    rdfs:subClassOf WHIO:0000050 ;
    rdfs:comment "Intentional behaviours related to rest and sleep hygiene. Gold et al. Recharge domain."@en .

WHIO:0000056
    a owl:Class ;
    rdfs:label "traditional health knowledge"@en ;
    rdfs:label "saber popular de saúde"@pt ;
    rdfs:subClassOf obo:BFO_0000033 ;
    rdfs:comment "Popular or traditional knowledge about health, plants and remedies, typically transmitted orally. Distinct from integrative practice (knowledge vs. its enactment). PNPIC: saberes tradicionais e populares."@en ;
    WHIO:A0003 "culturally situated"@en .

WHIO:0000057
    a owl:Class ;
    rdfs:label "self-monitoring practice"@en ;
    rdfs:label "prática de automonitoramento"@pt ;
    rdfs:subClassOf WHIO:0000051 ;
    rdfs:comment "Active self-observation and recording of health indicators, symptoms and effects. Distinct from self-care (action) and health narrative (retrospective account)."@en .

WHIO:0000058
    a owl:Class ;
    rdfs:label "coping behaviour"@en ;
    rdfs:label "comportamento de enfrentamento"@pt ;
    rdfs:subClassOf WHIO:0000050 ;
    rdfs:comment "Strategies used to manage stress, illness or adversity. Brainstorm §8.7: emotional experience → coping → behaviour → health state."@en .

# ================================================================
# LEVEL C — RELATIONS AND CONTEXT
# ================================================================

WHIO:0000060
    a owl:Class ;
    rdfs:label "social relationship"@en ;
    rdfs:label "relação social"@pt ;
    rdfs:subClassOf obo:BFO_0000002 ;
    rdfs:comment "Bond between the older adult and another person or group. Umbrella for family, community and therapeutic relationships."@en .

WHIO:0000061
    a owl:Class ;
    rdfs:label "family relationship"@en ;
    rdfs:label "relação familiar"@pt ;
    rdfs:subClassOf WHIO:0000060 ;
    rdfs:comment "Social relationship with a family member. Includes caregiving roles given and received."@en .

WHIO:0000062
    a owl:Class ;
    rdfs:label "social support"@en ;
    rdfs:label "suporte social"@pt ;
    rdfs:subClassOf obo:BFO_0000016 ;
    rdfs:comment "Disposition of the social network to provide emotional, instrumental or informational assistance. Functionally distinct from the relationship itself."@en .

WHIO:0000063
    a owl:Class ;
    rdfs:label "therapeutic relationship"@en ;
    rdfs:label "relação terapêutica"@pt ;
    rdfs:subClassOf WHIO:0000060 ;
    rdfs:comment "Relationship with a health professional characterised by trust, continuity and therapeutic intent. PNPIC: vínculo terapêutico."@en .

WHIO:0000064
    a owl:Class ;
    rdfs:label "community participation"@en ;
    rdfs:label "participação comunitária"@pt ;
    rdfs:subClassOf obo:BFO_0000015 ;
    rdfs:comment "Engagement with community groups, religious organisations, civic life or mutual aid."@en .

WHIO:0000065
    a owl:Class ;
    rdfs:label "caregiver relationship"@en ;
    rdfs:label "relação com cuidador"@pt ;
    rdfs:subClassOf WHIO:0000060 ;
    rdfs:comment "Relationship with an informal caregiver. Captures support received and the older adult's perception of impact on the caregiver — a significant narrative pattern."@en .

WHIO:0000070
    a owl:Class ;
    rdfs:label "living environment"@en ;
    rdfs:label "ambiente de vida"@pt ;
    rdfs:subClassOf obo:BFO_0000004 ;
    rdfs:comment "Physical and social surroundings: housing, neighbourhood, transportation, safety, green space. Gold et al. environment cluster."@en .

WHIO:0000071
    a owl:Class ;
    rdfs:label "socioeconomic condition"@en ;
    rdfs:label "condição socioeconômica"@pt ;
    rdfs:subClassOf obo:BFO_0000019 ;
    rdfs:comment "Income, financial security and access to material resources. DiGuiseppi et al.: determinant of WPH, not outcome."@en .

WHIO:0000072
    a owl:Class ;
    rdfs:label "cultural context"@en ;
    rdfs:label "contexto cultural"@pt ;
    rdfs:subClassOf obo:BFO_0000033 ;
    rdfs:comment "Cultural background, values and practices framing health experiences and choices. Thomas et al. Social Climate. PNPIC: diversidade cultural. WHO GTMS: culture as core TCIM dimension."@en ;
    WHIO:A0003 "core qualifier"@en .

WHIO:0000073
    a owl:Class ;
    rdfs:label "access barrier"@en ;
    rdfs:label "barreira de acesso"@pt ;
    rdfs:subClassOf obo:BFO_0000019 ;
    rdfs:comment "Quality limiting access to care, information or resources — geographic, financial, cultural or systemic. WHO GTMS individual indicator."@en .

# ================================================================
# LEVEL D — CARE AND OUTCOMES
# ================================================================

WHIO:0000080
    a owl:Class ;
    rdfs:label "healthcare process"@en ;
    rdfs:label "processo de cuidado"@pt ;
    rdfs:subClassOf obo:OGMS_0000141 ;
    rdfs:comment "Umbrella for processes in which health services or interventions are delivered. Provider-involved. Distinct from health behaviour (person-initiated)."@en .

WHIO:0000081
    a owl:Class ;
    rdfs:label "TCIM intervention"@en ;
    rdfs:label "intervenção PICS"@pt ;
    rdfs:subClassOf WHIO:0000080 ;
    rdfs:comment "Healthcare process involving TCIM practice delivered by a provider. WHO GTMS and PNPIC (29 PICS). Distinct from integrative practice (0000052), which is person-initiated."@en ;
    WHIO:A0003 "culturally situated"@en ;
    WHIO:A0002 "safety monitoring required"@en .

WHIO:0000082
    a owl:Class ;
    rdfs:label "biomedical intervention"@en ;
    rdfs:label "intervenção biomédica"@pt ;
    rdfs:subClassOf WHIO:0000080 ;
    rdfs:comment "Healthcare process involving conventional biomedical treatment, medication or procedure."@en ;
    WHIO:A0002 "safety monitoring required"@en .

WHIO:0000083
    a owl:Class ;
    rdfs:label "care plan"@en ;
    rdfs:label "plano de cuidado"@pt ;
    rdfs:subClassOf obo:BFO_0000033 ;
    rdfs:comment "Agreed set of goals, actions and interventions for the older adult's care. Co-produced through shared decision making. Bridges D-level planning to B3 agency."@en .

WHIO:0000084
    a owl:Class ;
    rdfs:label "safety event"@en ;
    rdfs:label "evento de segurança"@pt ;
    rdfs:subClassOf obo:BFO_0000015 ;
    rdfs:comment "Adverse event or safety concern related to a healthcare intervention. WHO GTMS TCIM safety indicator."@en ;
    WHIO:A0002 "core domain"@en .

WHIO:0000085
    a owl:Class ;
    rdfs:label "integrative care episode"@en ;
    rdfs:label "episódio de cuidado integrativo"@pt ;
    rdfs:subClassOf WHIO:0000080 ;
    rdfs:comment "Healthcare process combining biomedical and TCIM approaches in a coordinated manner. WHO definition of integrative medicine."@en .

WHIO:0000090
    a owl:Class ;
    rdfs:label "health outcome"@en ;
    rdfs:label "resultado de saúde"@pt ;
    rdfs:subClassOf obo:BFO_0000002 ;
    rdfs:comment "Umbrella for changes in health state, function, experience or well-being resulting from trajectory or care. DiGuiseppi et al.: outcomes must be distinguished from determinants."@en .

WHIO:0000091
    a owl:Class ;
    rdfs:label "functional outcome"@en ;
    rdfs:label "resultado funcional"@pt ;
    rdfs:subClassOf WHIO:0000090 ;
    rdfs:comment "Change in functional capacity as outcome of care or behaviour. Includes ADL performance, mobility and physical independence."@en .

WHIO:0000092
    a owl:Class ;
    rdfs:label "patient-reported outcome"@en ;
    rdfs:label "resultado relatado pelo paciente"@pt ;
    rdfs:subClassOf WHIO:0000090 ;
    rdfs:comment "Health outcome based on the older adult's own report, without clinician interpretation. Primary outcome category for WHIO."@en .

WHIO:0000093
    a owl:Class ;
    rdfs:label "quality of life"@en ;
    rdfs:label "qualidade de vida"@pt ;
    rdfs:subClassOf obo:BFO_0000019 ;
    rdfs:subClassOf WHIO:0000090 ;
    rdfs:comment "Perception of position in life in the context of culture, values, goals and concerns (WHO definition). Distinct from well-being perception (ongoing process) and well-being outcome (positive flourishing state)."@en .

WHIO:0000094
    a owl:Class ;
    rdfs:label "well-being outcome"@en ;
    rdfs:label "resultado de bem-estar"@pt ;
    rdfs:subClassOf WHIO:0000090 ;
    rdfs:comment "Positive state encompassing flourishing, thriving and life satisfaction as outcomes. WHO GTMS: well-being associated with QoL, purpose, resilience and thriving."@en .

WHIO:0000095
    a owl:Class ;
    rdfs:label "perceived health change"@en ;
    rdfs:label "mudança de saúde percebida"@pt ;
    rdfs:subClassOf WHIO:0000092 ;
    rdfs:comment "The older adult's report of change in health status over a period. Minimal patient-reported outcome applicable across all health domains."@en .

# ================================================================
# OBJECT PROPERTIES
#
# Family I   — older adult direct relations        R0001–R0020
# Family II  — Level A internal                   R0021–R0025
# Family III — Level B internal chains            R0026–R0045
# Family IV  — Level C internal                   R0046–R0055
# Family V   — Level D internal                   R0056–R0065
# Family VI  — Cross-level process chains         R0066–R0085
# Family VII — Reach-down (subclass access)       R0086–R0095
#
# WHIO:A0006 status:
#   "validated"  — confirmed in expert validation session
#   "candidate"  — corpus hypothesis; to test in prototype
#   "formal"     — structural OWL, not empirical
# ================================================================

# ----------------------------------------------------------------
# FAMILY I — OLDER ADULT DIRECT RELATIONS
# The person's primary connections to each level umbrella
# ----------------------------------------------------------------

WHIO:R0001
    a owl:ObjectProperty ;
    rdfs:label "has health state"@en ;
    rdfs:domain WHIO:0000001 ;
    rdfs:range WHIO:0000010 ;
    rdfs:comment "Older adult → health state (B1 umbrella)."@en ;
    WHIO:A0006 "validated"@en .

WHIO:R0002
    a owl:ObjectProperty ;
    rdfs:label "has subjective experience"@en ;
    rdfs:domain WHIO:0000001 ;
    rdfs:range WHIO:0000020 ;
    rdfs:comment "Older adult → subjective experience (B2 umbrella)."@en ;
    WHIO:A0006 "validated"@en .

WHIO:R0003
    a owl:ObjectProperty ;
    rdfs:label "has agency"@en ;
    rdfs:domain WHIO:0000001 ;
    rdfs:range WHIO:0000030 ;
    rdfs:comment "Older adult → health agency (B3 umbrella)."@en ;
    WHIO:A0006 "validated"@en .

WHIO:R0004
    a owl:ObjectProperty ;
    rdfs:label "holds meaning"@en ;
    rdfs:domain WHIO:0000001 ;
    rdfs:range WHIO:0000040 ;
    rdfs:comment "Older adult → meaning in life (B4 umbrella)."@en ;
    WHIO:A0006 "validated"@en .

WHIO:R0005
    a owl:ObjectProperty ;
    rdfs:label "performs practice"@en ;
    rdfs:domain WHIO:0000001 ;
    rdfs:range WHIO:0000050 ;
    rdfs:comment "Older adult → health behaviour (B5 umbrella)."@en ;
    WHIO:A0006 "validated"@en .

WHIO:R0006
    a owl:ObjectProperty ;
    rdfs:label "has social relationship"@en ;
    rdfs:domain WHIO:0000001 ;
    rdfs:range WHIO:0000060 ;
    rdfs:comment "Older adult → social relationship (C umbrella)."@en ;
    WHIO:A0006 "validated"@en .

WHIO:R0007
    a owl:ObjectProperty ;
    rdfs:label "lives in environment"@en ;
    rdfs:domain WHIO:0000001 ;
    rdfs:range WHIO:0000070 ;
    rdfs:comment "Older adult → living environment."@en ;
    WHIO:A0006 "validated"@en .

WHIO:R0008
    a owl:ObjectProperty ;
    rdfs:label "receives care"@en ;
    rdfs:domain WHIO:0000001 ;
    rdfs:range WHIO:0000080 ;
    rdfs:comment "Older adult → healthcare process (D umbrella)."@en ;
    WHIO:A0006 "validated"@en .

WHIO:R0009
    a owl:ObjectProperty ;
    rdfs:label "has outcome"@en ;
    rdfs:domain WHIO:0000001 ;
    rdfs:range WHIO:0000090 ;
    rdfs:comment "Older adult → health outcome (D umbrella)."@en ;
    WHIO:A0006 "validated"@en .

WHIO:R0010
    a owl:ObjectProperty ;
    rdfs:label "situated in life course"@en ;
    rdfs:domain WHIO:0000001 ;
    rdfs:range WHIO:0000003 ;
    rdfs:comment "Older adult → life course (temporal container)."@en ;
    WHIO:A0006 "formal"@en .

WHIO:R0011
    a owl:ObjectProperty ;
    rdfs:label "has narrative"@en ;
    rdfs:domain WHIO:0000001 ;
    rdfs:range WHIO:0000024 ;
    rdfs:comment "Older adult → health narrative."@en ;
    WHIO:A0006 "validated"@en .

WHIO:R0012
    a owl:ObjectProperty ;
    rdfs:label "holds value"@en ;
    rdfs:domain WHIO:0000001 ;
    rdfs:range WHIO:0000044 ;
    rdfs:comment "Older adult → personal value."@en ;
    WHIO:A0006 "validated"@en .

WHIO:R0013
    a owl:ObjectProperty ;
    rdfs:label "has preference"@en ;
    rdfs:domain WHIO:0000001 ;
    rdfs:range WHIO:0000031 ;
    rdfs:comment "Older adult → health preference."@en ;
    WHIO:A0006 "validated"@en .

WHIO:R0014
    a owl:ObjectProperty ;
    rdfs:label "pursues goal"@en ;
    rdfs:domain WHIO:0000001 ;
    rdfs:range WHIO:0000032 ;
    rdfs:comment "Older adult → health goal."@en ;
    WHIO:A0006 "validated"@en .

WHIO:R0015
    a owl:ObjectProperty ;
    rdfs:label "holds spiritual belief"@en ;
    rdfs:domain WHIO:0000001 ;
    rdfs:range WHIO:0000042 ;
    rdfs:comment "Older adult → spiritual belief."@en ;
    WHIO:A0006 "validated"@en .

WHIO:R0016
    a owl:ObjectProperty ;
    rdfs:label "experienced biographical event"@en ;
    rdfs:domain WHIO:0000001 ;
    rdfs:range WHIO:0000004 ;
    rdfs:comment "Older adult → biographical event. Corrects the v0.1 gap: biographical events were connected to health state but not to the person who experienced them."@en ;
    WHIO:A0006 "validated"@en .

WHIO:R0017
    a owl:ObjectProperty ;
    rdfs:label "holds personal identity"@en ;
    rdfs:domain WHIO:0000001 ;
    rdfs:range WHIO:0000005 ;
    rdfs:comment "Older adult → personal identity."@en ;
    WHIO:A0006 "formal"@en .

WHIO:R0018
    a owl:ObjectProperty ;
    rdfs:label "has health trajectory"@en ;
    rdfs:domain WHIO:0000001 ;
    rdfs:range WHIO:0000006 ;
    rdfs:comment "Older adult → health trajectory."@en ;
    WHIO:A0006 "formal"@en .

WHIO:R0019
    a owl:ObjectProperty ;
    rdfs:label "has cultural context"@en ;
    rdfs:domain WHIO:0000001 ;
    rdfs:range WHIO:0000072 ;
    rdfs:comment "Older adult → cultural context. Corrects v0.2 gap: cultural context had no path from the person, only from health behaviour."@en ;
    WHIO:A0006 "validated"@en .

WHIO:R0020
    a owl:ObjectProperty ;
    rdfs:label "has socioeconomic condition"@en ;
    rdfs:domain WHIO:0000001 ;
    rdfs:range WHIO:0000071 ;
    rdfs:comment "Older adult → socioeconomic condition. Adds the missing person→context entry point."@en ;
    WHIO:A0006 "validated"@en .

# ----------------------------------------------------------------
# FAMILY II — LEVEL A INTERNAL
# ----------------------------------------------------------------

WHIO:R0021
    a owl:ObjectProperty ;
    rdfs:label "life course contains event"@en ;
    rdfs:domain WHIO:0000003 ;
    rdfs:range WHIO:0000004 ;
    rdfs:comment "Life course → biographical event. Provides temporal anchoring for events. Corrects v0.2 gap: life course had no outgoing relations."@en ;
    WHIO:A0006 "formal"@en .

WHIO:R0022
    a owl:ObjectProperty ;
    rdfs:label "life course includes trajectory"@en ;
    rdfs:domain WHIO:0000003 ;
    rdfs:range WHIO:0000006 ;
    rdfs:comment "Life course → health trajectory. Health trajectory is the health-specific thread within the life course."@en ;
    WHIO:A0006 "formal"@en .

WHIO:R0023
    a owl:ObjectProperty ;
    rdfs:label "patient role assumed in"@en ;
    rdfs:domain WHIO:0000002 ;
    rdfs:range WHIO:0000080 ;
    rdfs:comment "Patient role → healthcare process. Corrects v0.2 gap: patient role had no outgoing relation."@en ;
    WHIO:A0006 "formal"@en .

WHIO:R0024
    a owl:ObjectProperty ;
    rdfs:label "identity informs meaning"@en ;
    rdfs:domain WHIO:0000005 ;
    rdfs:range WHIO:0000040 ;
    rdfs:comment "Personal identity → meaning in life. Identity is foundational to meaning-making. Corrects v0.2 gap: personal identity was a dead-end leaf."@en ;
    WHIO:A0006 "candidate"@en .

WHIO:R0025
    a owl:ObjectProperty ;
    rdfs:label "trajectory contains health state"@en ;
    rdfs:domain WHIO:0000006 ;
    rdfs:range WHIO:0000010 ;
    rdfs:comment "Health trajectory → health state. Trajectory is the sequence of health states over time. Corrects v0.2 gap: health trajectory was a dead-end leaf."@en ;
    WHIO:A0006 "formal"@en .

# ----------------------------------------------------------------
# FAMILY III — LEVEL B INTERNAL CHAINS
# ----------------------------------------------------------------

WHIO:R0026
    a owl:ObjectProperty ;
    rdfs:label "manifests as symptom"@en ;
    rdfs:domain WHIO:0000010 ;
    rdfs:range WHIO:0000012 ;
    rdfs:comment "Health state → symptom."@en ;
    WHIO:A0006 "validated"@en .

WHIO:R0027
    a owl:ObjectProperty ;
    rdfs:label "includes chronic condition"@en ;
    rdfs:domain WHIO:0000010 ;
    rdfs:range WHIO:0000011 ;
    rdfs:comment "Health state → chronic condition."@en ;
    WHIO:A0006 "validated"@en .

WHIO:R0028
    a owl:ObjectProperty ;
    rdfs:label "gives rise to experience"@en ;
    rdfs:domain WHIO:0000010 ;
    rdfs:range WHIO:0000020 ;
    rdfs:comment "Health state → subjective experience. Key bridge between objective (B1) and experiential (B2)."@en ;
    WHIO:A0006 "validated"@en .

WHIO:R0029
    a owl:ObjectProperty ;
    rdfs:label "pain state gives rise to pain experience"@en ;
    rdfs:domain WHIO:0000017 ;
    rdfs:range WHIO:0000021 ;
    rdfs:comment "Pain state (objective B1) → pain experience (subjective B2). Corrects v0.2 gap: the state/experience distinction existed in classes but not in relations for the pain pair specifically."@en ;
    WHIO:A0006 "validated"@en .

WHIO:R0030
    a owl:ObjectProperty ;
    rdfs:label "symptom motivates care-seeking"@en ;
    rdfs:domain WHIO:0000012 ;
    rdfs:range WHIO:0000080 ;
    rdfs:comment "Symptom → healthcare process. Symptom is a common trigger for care-seeking behaviour. Corrects v0.2 gap: symptom was a dead-end leaf."@en ;
    WHIO:A0006 "candidate"@en .

WHIO:R0031
    a owl:ObjectProperty ;
    rdfs:label "chronic condition shapes illness experience"@en ;
    rdfs:domain WHIO:0000011 ;
    rdfs:range WHIO:0000025 ;
    rdfs:comment "Chronic condition → illness experience. Living with a condition generates illness experience. Corrects v0.2 gap: chronic condition was a dead-end leaf."@en ;
    WHIO:A0006 "candidate"@en .

WHIO:R0032
    a owl:ObjectProperty ;
    rdfs:label "functional capacity influences functional outcome"@en ;
    rdfs:domain WHIO:0000013 ;
    rdfs:range WHIO:0000091 ;
    rdfs:comment "Functional capacity (B1) → functional outcome (D). Change in capacity is the functional outcome. Corrects v0.2 gap: both were dead-end leaves unconnected to each other."@en ;
    WHIO:A0006 "candidate"@en .

WHIO:R0033
    a owl:ObjectProperty ;
    rdfs:label "sleep practice improves sleep quality"@en ;
    rdfs:domain WHIO:0000055 ;
    rdfs:range WHIO:0000016 ;
    rdfs:comment "Sleep practice (B5) → sleep quality (B1). Behaviour → state pathway. Corrects v0.2 gap: both were dead-end leaves unconnected to each other."@en ;
    WHIO:A0006 "candidate"@en .

WHIO:R0034
    a owl:ObjectProperty ;
    rdfs:label "physical activity influences functional capacity"@en ;
    rdfs:domain WHIO:0000053 ;
    rdfs:range WHIO:0000013 ;
    rdfs:comment "Physical activity (B5) → functional capacity (B1). Core behaviour→state pathway in gerontology."@en ;
    WHIO:A0006 "candidate"@en .

WHIO:R0035
    a owl:ObjectProperty ;
    rdfs:label "emotional experience triggers coping"@en ;
    rdfs:domain WHIO:0000027 ;
    rdfs:range WHIO:0000058 ;
    rdfs:comment "Emotional experience → coping behaviour. First link of the brainstorm §8.7 chain: emotional experience → coping → behaviour → health state."@en ;
    WHIO:A0006 "candidate"@en .

WHIO:R0036
    a owl:ObjectProperty ;
    rdfs:label "coping shapes health state"@en ;
    rdfs:domain WHIO:0000058 ;
    rdfs:range WHIO:0000015 ;
    rdfs:comment "Coping behaviour → mental health state. Completes the brainstorm §8.7 emotional chain. Corrects v0.2 gap: coping was a dead-end leaf."@en ;
    WHIO:A0006 "candidate"@en .

WHIO:R0037
    a owl:ObjectProperty ;
    rdfs:label "emotional experience shapes meaning"@en ;
    rdfs:domain WHIO:0000027 ;
    rdfs:range WHIO:0000040 ;
    rdfs:comment "Emotional experience → meaning in life. Emotional processing contributes to meaning-making."@en ;
    WHIO:A0006 "candidate"@en .

WHIO:R0038
    a owl:ObjectProperty ;
    rdfs:label "meaning motivates practice"@en ;
    rdfs:domain WHIO:0000040 ;
    rdfs:range WHIO:0000050 ;
    rdfs:comment "Meaning in life → health behaviour. Brainstorm §8.6: meaning motivates behaviour."@en ;
    WHIO:A0006 "validated"@en .

WHIO:R0039
    a owl:ObjectProperty ;
    rdfs:label "practice associated with experience"@en ;
    rdfs:domain WHIO:0000050 ;
    rdfs:range WHIO:0000020 ;
    rdfs:comment "Health behaviour → subjective experience. Associative, not causal. Brainstorm §8.6."@en ;
    WHIO:A0006 "candidate"@en .

WHIO:R0040
    a owl:ObjectProperty ;
    rdfs:label "value grounds preference"@en ;
    rdfs:domain WHIO:0000044 ;
    rdfs:range WHIO:0000031 ;
    rdfs:comment "Personal value → health preference. Values orient situational preferences."@en ;
    WHIO:A0006 "validated"@en .

WHIO:R0041
    a owl:ObjectProperty ;
    rdfs:label "value shapes meaning"@en ;
    rdfs:domain WHIO:0000044 ;
    rdfs:range WHIO:0000040 ;
    rdfs:comment "Personal value → meaning in life. Values are foundational to the sense of significance. Corrects v0.2 gap: value only connected to preference."@en ;
    WHIO:A0006 "candidate"@en .

WHIO:R0042
    a owl:ObjectProperty ;
    rdfs:label "purpose instantiates meaning"@en ;
    rdfs:domain WHIO:0000041 ;
    rdfs:range WHIO:0000040 ;
    rdfs:comment "Life purpose → meaning in life. Purpose is a directional form of meaning. Corrects v0.2 gap: life purpose was a dead-end leaf."@en ;
    WHIO:A0006 "candidate"@en .

WHIO:R0043
    a owl:ObjectProperty ;
    rdfs:label "spiritual belief expressed through practice"@en ;
    rdfs:domain WHIO:0000042 ;
    rdfs:range WHIO:0000043 ;
    rdfs:comment "Spiritual belief → religious practice. Belief enacted as behaviour. Corrects v0.2 gap: the class distinction existed but not the relation."@en ;
    WHIO:A0006 "candidate"@en .

WHIO:R0044
    a owl:ObjectProperty ;
    rdfs:label "religious practice associated with well-being"@en ;
    rdfs:domain WHIO:0000043 ;
    rdfs:range WHIO:0000094 ;
    rdfs:comment "Religious practice → well-being outcome. Associative. Corpus support: spiritual practices consistently associated with well-being in older adults."@en ;
    WHIO:A0006 "candidate"@en .

WHIO:R0045
    a owl:ObjectProperty ;
    rdfs:label "agency expresses through practice"@en ;
    rdfs:domain WHIO:0000030 ;
    rdfs:range WHIO:0000050 ;
    rdfs:comment "Health agency → health behaviour. Agency is enacted through behaviour."@en ;
    WHIO:A0006 "validated"@en .

WHIO:R0046
    a owl:ObjectProperty ;
    rdfs:label "self-care informed by traditional knowledge"@en ;
    rdfs:domain WHIO:0000051 ;
    rdfs:range WHIO:0000056 ;
    rdfs:comment "Self-care practice → traditional health knowledge. Popular knowledge informs autonomous care."@en ;
    WHIO:A0006 "validated"@en .

WHIO:R0047
    a owl:ObjectProperty ;
    rdfs:label "traditional knowledge conditioned by culture"@en ;
    rdfs:domain WHIO:0000056 ;
    rdfs:range WHIO:0000072 ;
    rdfs:comment "Traditional health knowledge → cultural context. Popular health knowledge is culturally embedded. Corrects v0.2 gap: traditional knowledge was a dead-end leaf."@en ;
    WHIO:A0006 "candidate"@en .

WHIO:R0048
    a owl:ObjectProperty ;
    rdfs:label "goal orients health behaviour"@en ;
    rdfs:domain WHIO:0000032 ;
    rdfs:range WHIO:0000050 ;
    rdfs:comment "Health goal → health behaviour. Goals direct behaviour choices. Corrects v0.2 gap: health goal was a dead-end leaf."@en ;
    WHIO:A0006 "candidate"@en .

WHIO:R0049
    a owl:ObjectProperty ;
    rdfs:label "well-being perception feeds patient-reported outcome"@en ;
    rdfs:domain WHIO:0000023 ;
    rdfs:range WHIO:0000092 ;
    rdfs:comment "Well-being perception (ongoing process) → patient-reported outcome (result). The perception process produces the outcome report. Corrects v0.2 gap: well-being perception was a dead-end leaf."@en ;
    WHIO:A0006 "candidate"@en .

WHIO:R0050
    a owl:ObjectProperty ;
    rdfs:label "loneliness associated with mental health state"@en ;
    rdfs:domain WHIO:0000022 ;
    rdfs:range WHIO:0000015 ;
    rdfs:comment "Loneliness experience → mental health state. Loneliness is a documented determinant of mental health in older adults. Corrects v0.2 gap: loneliness was a dead-end leaf."@en ;
    WHIO:A0006 "candidate"@en .

WHIO:R0051
    a owl:ObjectProperty ;
    rdfs:label "identity narrative enriches health narrative"@en ;
    rdfs:domain WHIO:0000045 ;
    rdfs:range WHIO:0000024 ;
    rdfs:comment "Identity narrative → health narrative. Identity narrative is a constitutive layer of the health narrative. Corrects v0.2 gap: identity narrative was a dead-end leaf."@en ;
    WHIO:A0006 "candidate"@en .

WHIO:R0052
    a owl:ObjectProperty ;
    rdfs:label "self-monitoring enriches health narrative"@en ;
    rdfs:domain WHIO:0000057 ;
    rdfs:range WHIO:0000024 ;
    rdfs:comment "Self-monitoring practice → health narrative. Monitoring records feed the narrative. Corrects v0.2 gap: self-monitoring was a dead-end leaf."@en ;
    WHIO:A0006 "candidate"@en .

WHIO:R0053
    a owl:ObjectProperty ;
    rdfs:label "autonomy shapes preference"@en ;
    rdfs:domain WHIO:0000033 ;
    rdfs:range WHIO:0000031 ;
    rdfs:comment "Autonomy → health preference. Autonomy disposition generates situational preferences. Corrects v0.2 gap: autonomy was a dead-end leaf."@en ;
    WHIO:A0006 "candidate"@en .

WHIO:R0054
    a owl:ObjectProperty ;
    rdfs:label "self-efficacy enables health behaviour"@en ;
    rdfs:domain WHIO:0000035 ;
    rdfs:range WHIO:0000050 ;
    rdfs:comment "Self-efficacy → health behaviour. Belief in capacity predicts behaviour enactment. Corrects v0.2 gap: self-efficacy was a dead-end leaf."@en ;
    WHIO:A0006 "candidate"@en .

WHIO:R0055
    a owl:ObjectProperty ;
    rdfs:label "personal development strengthens self-efficacy"@en ;
    rdfs:domain WHIO:0000036 ;
    rdfs:range WHIO:0000035 ;
    rdfs:comment "Personal development → self-efficacy. Growth processes build belief in capacity. Corrects v0.2 gap: personal development was a dead-end leaf."@en ;
    WHIO:A0006 "candidate"@en .

# ----------------------------------------------------------------
# FAMILY IV — LEVEL C INTERNAL
# ----------------------------------------------------------------

WHIO:R0056
    a owl:ObjectProperty ;
    rdfs:label "social relationship provides support"@en ;
    rdfs:domain WHIO:0000060 ;
    rdfs:range WHIO:0000062 ;
    rdfs:comment "Social relationship → social support. The relationship is the structural bond; support is its functional quality."@en ;
    WHIO:A0006 "validated"@en .

WHIO:R0057
    a owl:ObjectProperty ;
    rdfs:label "social support influences mental health"@en ;
    rdfs:domain WHIO:0000062 ;
    rdfs:range WHIO:0000015 ;
    rdfs:comment "Social support → mental health state. Social support is a primary determinant of mental health in older adults. Corrects v0.2: the original R0027 connected social relationship directly to health state — semantically imprecise. The path is relationship → support → mental health."@en ;
    WHIO:A0006 "candidate"@en .

WHIO:R0058
    a owl:ObjectProperty ;
    rdfs:label "social support reduces loneliness"@en ;
    rdfs:domain WHIO:0000062 ;
    rdfs:range WHIO:0000022 ;
    rdfs:comment "Social support → loneliness experience. Support availability modulates loneliness. Corrects v0.2 gap: social support was a dead-end leaf."@en ;
    WHIO:A0006 "candidate"@en .

WHIO:R0059
    a owl:ObjectProperty ;
    rdfs:label "family relationship provides caregiving"@en ;
    rdfs:domain WHIO:0000061 ;
    rdfs:range WHIO:0000065 ;
    rdfs:comment "Family relationship → caregiver relationship. Family bonds often become caregiving bonds in older adults. Corrects v0.2 gap: family relationship was a dead-end leaf."@en ;
    WHIO:A0006 "candidate"@en .

WHIO:R0060
    a owl:ObjectProperty ;
    rdfs:label "therapeutic relationship structures care experience"@en ;
    rdfs:domain WHIO:0000063 ;
    rdfs:range WHIO:0000026 ;
    rdfs:comment "Therapeutic relationship → care experience. The quality of the therapeutic relationship shapes how care is experienced. Corrects v0.2 gap: therapeutic relationship was a dead-end leaf with no connection to care."@en ;
    WHIO:A0006 "candidate"@en .

WHIO:R0061
    a owl:ObjectProperty ;
    rdfs:label "therapeutic relationship enables shared decision"@en ;
    rdfs:domain WHIO:0000063 ;
    rdfs:range WHIO:0000034 ;
    rdfs:comment "Therapeutic relationship → shared decision process. Trust and continuity enable joint deliberation."@en ;
    WHIO:A0006 "candidate"@en .

WHIO:R0062
    a owl:ObjectProperty ;
    rdfs:label "community participation strengthens social support"@en ;
    rdfs:domain WHIO:0000064 ;
    rdfs:range WHIO:0000062 ;
    rdfs:comment "Community participation → social support. Engagement builds support networks. Corrects v0.2 gap: community participation was a dead-end leaf."@en ;
    WHIO:A0006 "candidate"@en .

WHIO:R0063
    a owl:ObjectProperty ;
    rdfs:label "living environment creates access barrier"@en ;
    rdfs:domain WHIO:0000070 ;
    rdfs:range WHIO:0000073 ;
    rdfs:comment "Living environment → access barrier. Geographic and transport barriers are as relevant as financial ones. Corrects v0.2 gap: living environment was a dead-end leaf."@en ;
    WHIO:A0006 "candidate"@en .

WHIO:R0064
    a owl:ObjectProperty ;
    rdfs:label "health behaviour conditioned by culture"@en ;
    rdfs:domain WHIO:0000050 ;
    rdfs:range WHIO:0000072 ;
    rdfs:comment "Health behaviour → cultural context. Brainstorm §8.7 chain: culture → belief → preference → practice."@en ;
    WHIO:A0006 "validated"@en .

WHIO:R0065
    a owl:ObjectProperty ;
    rdfs:label "socioeconomic condition creates access barrier"@en ;
    rdfs:domain WHIO:0000071 ;
    rdfs:range WHIO:0000073 ;
    rdfs:comment "Socioeconomic condition → access barrier. Corrects TYPE-1 ERROR in v0.2: R0029 had domain and range inverted."@en ;
    WHIO:A0006 "validated"@en .

# ----------------------------------------------------------------
# FAMILY V — LEVEL D INTERNAL
# ----------------------------------------------------------------

WHIO:R0066
    a owl:ObjectProperty ;
    rdfs:label "access barrier limits care"@en ;
    rdfs:domain WHIO:0000073 ;
    rdfs:range WHIO:0000080 ;
    rdfs:comment "Access barrier → healthcare process. Barrier constrains what care is possible."@en ;
    WHIO:A0006 "validated"@en .

WHIO:R0067
    a owl:ObjectProperty ;
    rdfs:label "shared decision produces care plan"@en ;
    rdfs:domain WHIO:0000034 ;
    rdfs:range WHIO:0000083 ;
    rdfs:comment "Shared decision process → care plan. The decision produces the plan. Corrects v0.2 gap: shared decision was a dead-end leaf unconnected to care."@en ;
    WHIO:A0006 "candidate"@en .

WHIO:R0068
    a owl:ObjectProperty ;
    rdfs:label "care plan addresses goal"@en ;
    rdfs:domain WHIO:0000083 ;
    rdfs:range WHIO:0000032 ;
    rdfs:comment "Care plan → health goal. Plan is structured around patient goals."@en ;
    WHIO:A0006 "validated"@en .

WHIO:R0069
    a owl:ObjectProperty ;
    rdfs:label "care plan implemented by process"@en ;
    rdfs:domain WHIO:0000080 ;
    rdfs:range WHIO:0000083 ;
    rdfs:comment "Healthcare process → care plan. Process follows plan."@en ;
    WHIO:A0006 "formal"@en .

WHIO:R0070
    a owl:ObjectProperty ;
    rdfs:label "healthcare process results in outcome"@en ;
    rdfs:domain WHIO:0000080 ;
    rdfs:range WHIO:0000090 ;
    rdfs:comment "Healthcare process → health outcome."@en ;
    WHIO:A0006 "validated"@en .

WHIO:R0071
    a owl:ObjectProperty ;
    rdfs:label "healthcare process triggers safety event"@en ;
    rdfs:domain WHIO:0000080 ;
    rdfs:range WHIO:0000084 ;
    rdfs:comment "Healthcare process → safety event."@en ;
    WHIO:A0006 "validated"@en .

WHIO:R0072
    a owl:ObjectProperty ;
    rdfs:label "safety event affects health state"@en ;
    rdfs:domain WHIO:0000084 ;
    rdfs:range WHIO:0000010 ;
    rdfs:comment "Safety event → health state. Adverse events modify health."@en ;
    WHIO:A0006 "validated"@en .

WHIO:R0073
    a owl:ObjectProperty ;
    rdfs:label "TCIM intervention produces outcome"@en ;
    rdfs:domain WHIO:0000081 ;
    rdfs:range WHIO:0000090 ;
    rdfs:comment "TCIM intervention → health outcome. Corrects v0.2 TYPE-1 ERROR: TCIM intervention had no outgoing relations — it received care but produced no result."@en ;
    WHIO:A0006 "validated"@en .

WHIO:R0074
    a owl:ObjectProperty ;
    rdfs:label "biomedical intervention produces outcome"@en ;
    rdfs:domain WHIO:0000082 ;
    rdfs:range WHIO:0000090 ;
    rdfs:comment "Biomedical intervention → health outcome. Corrects v0.2 TYPE-1 ERROR: same as R0073."@en ;
    WHIO:A0006 "validated"@en .

WHIO:R0075
    a owl:ObjectProperty ;
    rdfs:label "integrative episode combines interventions"@en ;
    rdfs:domain WHIO:0000085 ;
    rdfs:range WHIO:0000081 ;
    rdfs:comment "Integrative care episode → TCIM intervention. Episode is defined by the combination. Corrects v0.2 gap: integrative episode was a dead-end leaf."@en ;
    WHIO:A0006 "formal"@en .

WHIO:R0076
    a owl:ObjectProperty ;
    rdfs:label "integrative episode combines biomedical"@en ;
    rdfs:domain WHIO:0000085 ;
    rdfs:range WHIO:0000082 ;
    rdfs:comment "Integrative care episode → biomedical intervention. Episode requires both."@en ;
    WHIO:A0006 "formal"@en .

WHIO:R0077
    a owl:ObjectProperty ;
    rdfs:label "outcome modifies health state"@en ;
    rdfs:domain WHIO:0000090 ;
    rdfs:range WHIO:0000010 ;
    rdfs:comment "Health outcome → health state. Closes the care cycle: care → outcome → new state."@en ;
    WHIO:A0006 "validated"@en .

WHIO:R0078
    a owl:ObjectProperty ;
    rdfs:label "care experience generates patient-reported outcome"@en ;
    rdfs:domain WHIO:0000026 ;
    rdfs:range WHIO:0000092 ;
    rdfs:comment "Care experience → patient-reported outcome. Experience of care shapes what patients report. Corrects v0.2 gap: care experience was a dead-end leaf."@en ;
    WHIO:A0006 "candidate"@en .

WHIO:R0079
    a owl:ObjectProperty ;
    rdfs:label "quality of life instantiates well-being outcome"@en ;
    rdfs:domain WHIO:0000093 ;
    rdfs:range WHIO:0000094 ;
    rdfs:comment "Quality of life → well-being outcome. QoL is an evaluative dimension of well-being. Corrects v0.2 gap: quality of life was a dead-end leaf."@en ;
    WHIO:A0006 "candidate"@en .

WHIO:R0080
    a owl:ObjectProperty ;
    rdfs:label "goal achieved in outcome"@en ;
    rdfs:domain WHIO:0000032 ;
    rdfs:range WHIO:0000090 ;
    rdfs:comment "Health goal → health outcome. Goal is the evaluative criterion for the outcome. Corrects v0.2 gap: health goal had no connection to outcomes."@en ;
    WHIO:A0006 "candidate"@en .

# ----------------------------------------------------------------
# FAMILY VI — CROSS-LEVEL PROCESS CHAINS
# Brainstorm §8.7 chains formalised
# ----------------------------------------------------------------

WHIO:R0081
    a owl:ObjectProperty ;
    rdfs:label "has temporal context"@en ;
    rdfs:domain obo:BFO_0000015 ;
    rdfs:range WHIO:0000003 ;
    rdfs:comment "Any process → life course. Temporal anchor for all occurrent classes."@en ;
    WHIO:A0006 "formal"@en .

WHIO:R0082
    a owl:ObjectProperty ;
    rdfs:label "biographical event modifies health state"@en ;
    rdfs:domain WHIO:0000004 ;
    rdfs:range WHIO:0000010 ;
    rdfs:comment "Biographical event → health state. Brainstorm §8.7: event → emotional experience → coping → health state."@en ;
    WHIO:A0006 "candidate"@en .

WHIO:R0083
    a owl:ObjectProperty ;
    rdfs:label "biographical event triggers emotional experience"@en ;
    rdfs:domain WHIO:0000004 ;
    rdfs:range WHIO:0000027 ;
    rdfs:comment "Biographical event → emotional experience. First link of the brainstorm §8.7 chain."@en ;
    WHIO:A0006 "candidate"@en .

WHIO:R0084
    a owl:ObjectProperty ;
    rdfs:label "illness experience shapes meaning"@en ;
    rdfs:domain WHIO:0000025 ;
    rdfs:range WHIO:0000040 ;
    rdfs:comment "Illness experience → meaning in life. Living with illness reorients meaning. Corrects v0.2 gap: illness experience was a dead-end leaf."@en ;
    WHIO:A0006 "candidate"@en .

WHIO:R0085
    a owl:ObjectProperty ;
    rdfs:label "preference shapes care plan"@en ;
    rdfs:domain WHIO:0000031 ;
    rdfs:range WHIO:0000083 ;
    rdfs:comment "Health preference → care plan. Patient preferences should be reflected in the plan. Corrects v0.2 gap: preference was a dead-end leaf with no connection to care."@en ;
    WHIO:A0006 "candidate"@en .

# ----------------------------------------------------------------
# FAMILY VII — SUPPLEMENTARY REACH-DOWN
# Direct older adult access to subclasses not reached via umbrellas
# Status: formal (structural access, not empirical relations)
# ----------------------------------------------------------------

WHIO:R0086 a owl:ObjectProperty ; rdfs:label "has patient role"@en ;
    rdfs:domain WHIO:0000001 ; rdfs:range WHIO:0000002 ; WHIO:A0006 "formal"@en .
WHIO:R0087 a owl:ObjectProperty ; rdfs:label "has functional capacity"@en ;
    rdfs:domain WHIO:0000001 ; rdfs:range WHIO:0000013 ; WHIO:A0006 "formal"@en .
WHIO:R0088 a owl:ObjectProperty ; rdfs:label "has cognitive function"@en ;
    rdfs:domain WHIO:0000001 ; rdfs:range WHIO:0000014 ; WHIO:A0006 "formal"@en .
WHIO:R0089 a owl:ObjectProperty ; rdfs:label "has mental health state"@en ;
    rdfs:domain WHIO:0000001 ; rdfs:range WHIO:0000015 ; WHIO:A0006 "formal"@en .
WHIO:R0090 a owl:ObjectProperty ; rdfs:label "has sleep quality"@en ;
    rdfs:domain WHIO:0000001 ; rdfs:range WHIO:0000016 ; WHIO:A0006 "formal"@en .
WHIO:R0091 a owl:ObjectProperty ; rdfs:label "has pain state"@en ;
    rdfs:domain WHIO:0000001 ; rdfs:range WHIO:0000017 ; WHIO:A0006 "formal"@en .
WHIO:R0092 a owl:ObjectProperty ; rdfs:label "holds autonomy"@en ;
    rdfs:domain WHIO:0000001 ; rdfs:range WHIO:0000033 ; WHIO:A0006 "formal"@en .
WHIO:R0093 a owl:ObjectProperty ; rdfs:label "participates in shared decision"@en ;
    rdfs:domain WHIO:0000001 ; rdfs:range WHIO:0000034 ; WHIO:A0006 "formal"@en .
WHIO:R0094 a owl:ObjectProperty ; rdfs:label "holds life purpose"@en ;
    rdfs:domain WHIO:0000001 ; rdfs:range WHIO:0000041 ; WHIO:A0006 "formal"@en .
WHIO:R0095 a owl:ObjectProperty ; rdfs:label "performs self-care"@en ;
    rdfs:domain WHIO:0000001 ; rdfs:range WHIO:0000051 ; WHIO:A0006 "formal"@en .
WHIO:R0096 a owl:ObjectProperty ; rdfs:label "performs integrative practice"@en ;
    rdfs:domain WHIO:0000001 ; rdfs:range WHIO:0000052 ; WHIO:A0006 "formal"@en .
WHIO:R0097 a owl:ObjectProperty ; rdfs:label "engages in physical activity"@en ;
    rdfs:domain WHIO:0000001 ; rdfs:range WHIO:0000053 ; WHIO:A0006 "formal"@en .
WHIO:R0098 a owl:ObjectProperty ; rdfs:label "has family relationship"@en ;
    rdfs:domain WHIO:0000001 ; rdfs:range WHIO:0000061 ; WHIO:A0006 "formal"@en .
WHIO:R0099 a owl:ObjectProperty ; rdfs:label "has therapeutic relationship"@en ;
    rdfs:domain WHIO:0000001 ; rdfs:range WHIO:0000063 ; WHIO:A0006 "formal"@en .


# ================================================================
# SUPPLEMENTARY — connecting remaining two orphan classes
# nutrition practice (0000054) and perceived health change (0000095)
# ================================================================

WHIO:R0100
    a owl:ObjectProperty ;
    rdfs:label "has nutrition practice"@en ;
    rdfs:domain WHIO:0000001 ;
    rdfs:range WHIO:0000054 ;
    rdfs:comment "Older adult → nutrition practice."@en ;
    WHIO:A0006 "formal"@en .

WHIO:R0101
    a owl:ObjectProperty ;
    rdfs:label "nutrition practice conditioned by culture"@en ;
    rdfs:domain WHIO:0000054 ;
    rdfs:range WHIO:0000072 ;
    rdfs:comment "Nutrition practice → cultural context. Food practices are culturally embedded."@en ;
    WHIO:A0006 "candidate"@en .

WHIO:R0102
    a owl:ObjectProperty ;
    rdfs:label "perceived health change informs patient-reported outcome"@en ;
    rdfs:domain WHIO:0000095 ;
    rdfs:range WHIO:0000092 ;
    rdfs:comment "Perceived health change → patient-reported outcome. Change perception is the minimal form of self-reported outcome."@en ;
    WHIO:A0006 "formal"@en .


# ================================================================
# RELAÇÕES RESTAURADAS DA v0.1
# Verificadas e confirmadas para inclusão na v0.2-final
# ================================================================

WHIO:R0103
    a owl:ObjectProperty ;
    rdfs:label "practice shapes meaning"@en ;
    rdfs:domain WHIO:0000050 ;
    rdfs:range WHIO:0000040 ;
    rdfs:comment "Health behaviour → meaning in life. Complementary to R0038 (meaning motivates practice): the relation is bidirectional — practice also constructs and reinforces meaning. Brainstorm §8.6: prática → associa-se a → experiência → significado. Restored from v0.1 R0012."@en ;
    WHIO:A0006 "candidate"@en .

WHIO:R0104
    a owl:ObjectProperty ;
    rdfs:label "social relationship influences health state"@en ;
    rdfs:domain WHIO:0000060 ;
    rdfs:range WHIO:0000010 ;
    rdfs:comment "Social relationship → health state. Direct influence path complementing the two-step path via social support (R0056 → R0057). Social relationships influence health states beyond the support mechanism alone — companionship, caregiving, conflict. Restored from v0.1 R0014."@en ;
    WHIO:A0006 "candidate"@en .